Showing posts sorted by relevance for query Cushman. Sort by date Show all posts
Showing posts sorted by relevance for query Cushman. Sort by date Show all posts

Sunday, May 30, 2021

Adventurous Relatives in Our Past: Learning about Charlotte Saunders Cushman

Charlotte Cushman by William Page, 1853. National Portrait Gallery.

Waterford's calm serenity of this Memorial Day weekend could fool a new resident into thinking things are always this way! But regional historians know there's always another controversy or change brewing, because that's what "family" and "community" engage with.

A few months ago, I (Beth Kanell) was working on an assignment unrelated to Waterford history when I spotted the name Charlotte Saunders Cushman. Cushman is a Waterford name, so I stopped to look her up. It was a delight to discover she is a "relative" of Allen Hill, who gave the Waterford Historical Society a baking peel from the Streeter Tavern of long-vanished Upper Waterford; Charlotte was the 3-greats granddaughter of Thomas Cushman 1608-1691, who in turn was the great-great-grandfather of Soule Cushman (I) (1748-1795).

[For genealogy buffs: Charlotte Saunders Cushman 1816-1876, dau. of Elkanah Cushman 1769-1841 and Mary Saunders Cushman 1793-1865;  then Elkanah Cushman 1741-1776 and Mary Lathrop 1739-1792; then Elkanah Cushman 1706-1742 and Lydia Bradford 1719-1756; then Elkanah Cushman 1678-1715 and Hester Barnes 1682-1770; then Elkanah Cushman 1651-1727 and Elizabeth Cole 1657-1682; then Thomas Cushman 1608-1691 and Mary Allerton 1616-1699; and at last "Pilgrim" Robert Cushman 1577-1625 and Sarah Reder.]

In her time, Charlotte Cushman, a highly esteemed actress, often made the news and gossip publications. Not only was she extraordinary on stage, but she was an ardent feminist who chose her own lifestyle. When the New England Historical Society posted an article on her, they called her a "Cross-Dressing Tragedienne of the 19th Century." 

Cross-dressing wasn't new -- every Shakespearean play required it -- but Charlotte Cushman took her adventurous role into her own life. For the surprising story of the woman pictured so demurely in her portrait above, click here! As the saying goes, "There's nothing new under the sun." But don't we ever have time rediscovering that!

If you are a Waterford Cushman descendant, I hope you'll leave a message here to let us know whether Charlotte's story surprised you. 

For more Cushman material on this blog, click here. And to browse the blog (there's a white search box at the top left, click this: https://waterford-vt-history.blogspot.com.

NOTE: Here is a basic "backbone" tree of the Cushman family of Waterford, including Mr. Hill:

Cushman (first portion)

 

Thomas Cushman (1608-1691, b. Canterbury, England; d Plymouth MA) mar. Mary Allerton (1616-1699)

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Thomas Cushman (b Plymouth MA) 1637-1726 mar. Ruth Howland 1637-1726 (or 1646-79)

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Robert Cushman (1664-1757) mar. Persis Lewis (1671-1744)

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Joshua Cushman (1707-1764) mar. Mary Soule (1711-1750)

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Soule Cushman (I) (1748-1795) mar. Thankful Delano (1757-1814)

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Soule Cushman (II) (b. Littleton NH 1792) mar. Esther Hendrick (1799-1879) (Soule may have died “after 1850” in “Canada East”)

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Ezra Hendrick Cushman (1825-1888; his 1863 Civil War draft registration credits him to Concord VT) mar. Katherine Penelope Poppy Leavitt (her 2nd marriage; 1830-1904); they lived on the farm at the mouth of Chandler Brook

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Kate (Katherine Ellen) Cushman (1861-1964) (great-grandmother of Allen Hill, donor of Streeter Tavern baking peel) mar. George Morse (1853-1928), eldest child of John Morse (1805-1877) and Harriett Temple (1832-1876), who lived just over the line in Concord, VT

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Katherine Lyle Morse (1889-1981) mar. Allen Frank Hill (1882-1955); they lived in Littleton NH (Allen Hill’s grandmother)

Wednesday, April 30, 2014

Orson Cushman, Waterford, Vermont: Sugarhouse, Family, More

The 1875 Beers map of Waterford (from the County Atlas of Caledonia County 1875) shows O. Cushman as the leading landowner in District 14 -- that is, West Waterford -- at the time. Orson Cushman also owned a sugarhouse which may then have been the oldest in town. Working with the map at the last meeting of the Waterford History Group, we decided the sugarhouse must have been roughly at the land currently owned by Pike Industries and the town of Waterford (transfer station, town garage). And it's gone.

Orson Cushman (April 2, 1820-June 13, 1904) was the son of Soule Cushman (1792-) and Esther Hendrick (1799-1879), and grandson of Waterford settlers Soule Cushman (1748-1795) and Thankful Delano (1757-1814). Orson married Julia Ann Morse (1825-1901; daughter of Oliver Morse, 1762-1841, and Betsey Morrill, 1788-1872, of the Danville Morrill and Varnum lines).

According to Child's Gazetteer of Caledonia and Orleans Counties 1764-1887 (published May 1887), Orson owned 800 sugar trees, as well as 14 cows. His brother Ezra Hendrick Cushman, who lived in Lower Waterford, owned 1000 sugar trees and 10 cows at that time, a good comparison. As another comparison, the Lower Waterford postmaster at that date, Claudius Davison, had 600 sugar trees and 40 head of cattle; Lorenzo Green, for whose family the Green School was named, showed 800 sugar tree, 12 cows, and 19 "head of other stock."

The photo here is of one of Orson and Julia's daughters: Nellie/Ella May Cushman (born Nov. 5, 1859).

More later on the links to the Cushman family cemetery on Walsh Road.

Saturday, November 1, 2014

Cushman–Russell–Bugbee–McGregor Cemetery, East Village Road, Waterford, Vermont: Small with a Wide Vista






Visiting the Cushman Cemetery is much easier, now that it's been trimmed and mowed -- a late-autumn caretaking gift (it would be nice to know who did this, to thank you!). It's a peaceful little family cemetery at the edge of a cornfield near the end of East Village Road.

This material describing the stones is per UPPERCONNRIVER and given at the website http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~upperconnriver/Waterford/Cushman/Cushman.htm and I am grateful for permission to share it from the site (but please do check in now and then at the original website to see any changes added).





[I am aware that the town selectboard hopes to replace the earlier fence in order to rehang this nice old gate. -- BK]


Cushman Family Cemetery, East Village Rd,
Waterford, Caledonia County, Vermont, USA

earliest birth recorded in this cemetery: Olive Bugbee b. 1794 - d. 1866
earliest inscription in this cemetery: Almyra, wife of John McGregor b. 1802a - d. Oct 03 1843
most recent burial in this cemetery: Russell Cushman b. 1907 - d. 1980
total inscriptions in this cemetery: 11; total graves: unknown
Transcribed 1980 by Eugenia Powers (1913-1985)
databased 2008 by Robert Goss
verified & corrected 2008
by me [Robert Goss].




          Stones are oriented so as to be readable when facing the surounding stone walls.
          To reach this cemetery, turn off US Rte 2 in East St Johnsbury, cross the river onto East Village Rd (TR#4), bear right at the fork, follow this road about 1.1 mi to the "end". There appears to be a left-curve here, but it is actually TR#5, (TR#4 once continued straight thru Blodgett's mailbox into the trees and down the backside of Moose River into Concord, joining Cross Rd near the old fairground - it is now discontinued). You can see the cemetery to your left across the field; please walk next to the stone wall when the hay [corn] is growing.
          This is a family cemetery that is no longer maintained. It was turned over to the town for maintenance in 1980 as it was no longer convient for the family to care for it.
          Stone #8 appears out-of-place because the burial took place after Eugenia completed her transcript and map.

NOTE:  a slash "/" indicates the end of a line of engraving on the gravestone.
       DOBs followed by an "a" are calculated from the DOD on the stone minus the AGE on the stone.
       italics indicate the info is from other vital or town records; but, not actually on the stone.
      


Cem+
StoneNum
LastName FirstName Maiden DOB DOD Spouse/Parents Add'l Info
CU+0.1 A white marble stone, 2" above ground, 6" wide, 2" thick, split into two 1" thick pieces - no lettering seen.
CU+0.2 P B A white marble stone, 6" high, 6" wide, 2" thick - like a footstone, initials "B. P.".
CU+1.1 Reed Nichols S. 01/__/1830a 7/15/1855 Aged 25 y'rs 6 mos. White marble with low angle top, square name band, plain, lettering is on the west side facing the back wall, grave is to the east of the stone. Stone is about 5' tall and has been down for years, it was found buried (in 2008) under 3" of thick hay thatch and has weathered so badly that it is barely readable.
CU+1.2 Reed Mariah L. 1/01/1826 10/01/1899 Aged 73 yrs 9 mos. Same as above except square name band has tracery, marble has darkened more, & veins are more pronounced.
CU+1.3a Reed Milo 03/__/1851a 10/15/1851 children of N. S. and M. L. Reed AE 7 mos. 18" high, grayed white marble, square name band, plain.
CU+1.3b Reed Azelia 1/27/1854a 2/16/1854 children of N. S. and M. L. Reed AE 3 weeks. 18" high, grayed white marble, square name band, plain.
CU+2.1 Russell George S. 10/__/1823a 6/08/1910 AE 86 yrs 8 mos. Matches #2.2; six inches thick with wide bevel at top and taper down side. Leaf design on top bevel with an X in the middle (crossed stems??), line tracery on side bevel, curved name band with line tracery background and fancy inside edge, then there is a double size double marble base for both stones. Parents of Mrs. Emma Cushman ?? Alpheus Bugbee settled in this part of town in 1800. Russell and Reeds are Concord and Kirby names.
CU+2.2 Russell Emma L. Bugbee 12/__/1822a 7/04/1908 wife of George S. Russell AE 85 yrs 8 mos. Stone matches #2.1
CU+2.3a Cushman Edgar O. 1854 1925 Gray granite monument with name on the face. Corner rose design, 12" thick, smooth but not polished.
CU+2.3b Cushman Edna L. Russell 1852 1946 his wife {of Edgar O. Cushman]
CU+2.4 McGregor Almyra 10/__/1802a 10/03/1843 wife of John McGregor AE 41 yrs. Two and one half feet high, perfectly plain with square top. All the lettering slants forward, whether cursive or another style, except for her name.
CU+2.5 McGregor John 1800a 08/__/1848 AE 48. Same style except thicker. Straight lettering except verse which is a small script, "How brief is life--how long eternity".
CU+2.6 Bugbee Hannah 1798 8/26/1876 Aged 78 yrs. Heavy very much darkened gray granite markers which may replace original stones, about 15" tall and 20" wide. Pillow shaped with lettering on a somewhat convex face.
CU+2.7 Bugbee Olive 1794 1866 Aged 72 yrs. Stone matches #2.6.
CU+2.8 Cushman Russell B 1907 1980 Modern grass-high, gray granite marker.


Tuesday, November 22, 2011

Ca. 1858 WATERFORD, Vermont Land Owners, Businesses & Features

Ca. 1858 WATERFORD, Vermont Land Owners, Businesses & Features

Index to Names which Appear in Waterford, Vermont, on the ca. 1858 atlas: "Map of Caledonia County, Vermont From Actual Surveys under the direction of H. F. Walling", New York : Baker & Tilden, 1858.

This index project is being completed by Ann Mensch, with the assistance of Jennifer Scruton. Please note: Though the information on this web page is believed to be correct, the possibility of error remains. Please notify Ann Mensch should an error be found.

Introduction:

The "Map of Caledonia County, Vermont From Actual Surveys under the direction of H. F. Walling" was created about 1858. Since the process of compiling the information for a map of this nature takes some time, it is likely that land was bought and sold, and people relocated during the course of the project. It is, therefore, possible that someone who recently moved to the area may not have been included, while names of others who had already relocated away from the area still appear.

Due to the age, condition, and typeset style, many names are difficult to decipher. When names or letters within names were NOT able to be discerned with a reasonable degree of confidence, they are placed within brackets [ ].

The names which appear on this map are listed below, in alphabetical order by surname, followed by the name of the town/township in which they appear, then, the name of the village within the town when the name was associated with a specific village. Following the town and village names, the structure or business which may have been associated with the name is identified when applicable.

The interpretation of the following listing is included as an example:
Listing:
PARKS, E. C. : Waterford, Waterford
Interpretation:
E. C. PARKS is reported, on the 1858 map, with the listings for the village of Waterford, which is within the town/township of Waterford, Caledonia County, Vermont.

When the same name appears more than once on the map, it has been listed as many times as it occurred. No attempt has been made to determine whether the same person was actually listed more than once, or whether there were people who simply shared the same name. It is believed that in some cases, these may be explained by the existence of fathers and sons who share the same name.

Following the list of names which appear, there are listings of Businesses and Natural Features reported, within the Town of Waterford and it's Villages, on the 1858 Map of Caledonia County, Vermont.

Statistics: A population of 1,412 is reported for Waterford on this 1858 map.
There are 215 names which appear in Waterford and its villages, and these are listed below. It remains possible that a small number of names were not included due to the condition of the map and/or readability.


SURNAME, First : Town, Village within the Town (if applicable), structure or business (if applicable)

[B]ARRINGTON, [Mrs.] : Waterford
[P]ARKS, Mrs. : Waterford
[RE]MINGTON : Waterford
ADAMS, J. : Waterford
ADAMS, W. : Waterford
ARMINGTON, S. : Waterford
B[A]NINGTON, J. : Waterford
BABCOCK, J. A. : Waterford
BABEACH, J. A. : Waterford
BARTLETT, S. : Waterford
BEMIS, H. : Waterford
BEN[VE__], L. C. : Waterford
BENNETT, G. : Waterford
BIN[___], T. : Waterford
BINGHAM, Mrs. : Waterford, Lower Waterford
BISHOP, J. : Waterford, Lower Waterford
BONNE[Y], A. P. Heirs : Waterford, Lower Waterford
BRACKETTS: Waterford : [see Hale & Bracketts]
BROCK, E. R. : Waterford
BROWN, [J.] : Waterford
BROWN, C. : Waterford
BROWN, D. L. : Waterford
BROWN, E. & B. : Waterford
BROWN, J. : Waterford, West Waterford
BROWN, J. Jr. : Waterford, West Waterford
BROWN, Mrs. : Waterford
BUCKS, W. : Waterford, Waterford : W. Buck's Hotel
BUGBEE, D. R. : Waterford, Lower Waterford
BUGBEE, L. : Waterford
BUGBEE, R. : Waterford, Lower Waterford
BUGBEE, W. : Waterford
BURNHAM, A. : Waterford
C[U__], E. A. : Waterford
CALE, [G. O.] : Waterford
CARPENTER, A. B. : Waterford, West Waterford
CARPENTER, A. D. : Waterford
CARPENTER, F. R. : Waterford, Lower Waterford
CARPENTER, I. : Waterford, Lower Waterford
CARPENTER, J. : Waterford, Lower Waterford
CARR, J. : Waterford
CARR, P. : Waterford, Lower Waterford
CARTER, E. G. : Waterford
CASWELL, J. : Waterford, Waterford
CASWELL, J. : Waterford
CASWELL : Waterford
CHAMBERLAIN, C. : Waterford
CHAMBERLAIN, C. : Waterford
CHAPLIN, G. : Waterford
CHAPLIN, J. : Waterford
CHAPLIN, J. : Waterford
CHAPLIN, S. : Waterford
CHAPLIN, S. C. : Waterford
CHURCH, S. : Waterford
CHURCH, S. : Waterford
CUSHMAN, H. : Waterford
CUSHMAN, O. : Waterford
CUTLER, E. & T. A. : Waterford
DAVISON, C. L. : Waterford
DAVISON, H. : Waterford
DENNIS [M_y] : Waterford
DEWEY, L. [F.] : Waterford, Lower Waterford
DEWEY, N. : Waterford, Lower Waterford
DEXTER, A. J. : Waterford
DREW, [Mrs.] : Waterford
FARBY, W. : Waterford, Waterford
FARR, [H.] : Waterford, Waterford
FARR, J. : Waterford
FARR, J. : Waterford
FELCH, G. W. : Waterford
FELCH, J. : Waterford
FELCH, J. : Waterford
FISHER, Mrs. : Waterford
FLANDERS, H. : Waterford, West Waterford
FLANDERS, H. : Waterford
FREEMAN, A. : Waterford
FREEMAN, E. : Waterford
FREEMAN, L. S. : Waterford
FRY, J. : Waterford, Lower Waterford
FRY, J. : Waterford
GASKELL, [J. B.] : Waterford
GOODELL, [B.] : Waterford
GOODELL, J. S. : Waterford
GOSS, [A.] : Waterford, Lower Waterford
GOSS, A. B. : Waterford
GOSS, C. C. : Waterford
GOSS, G. : Waterford
GOSS, H. S. : Waterford
GOSS, H. S. : Waterford
GOSS, Mrs. : Waterford, Lower Waterford
GOSS, Mrs. : Waterford
GOSS, R. O. : Waterford
GOSS, Z. : Waterford, Lower Waterford
GOULD, J. A. : Waterford
GOULD, J. A. : Waterford
GREEN, E. & L. : Waterford
GREEN, L. & M. L. : Waterford
GREGORY, C. : Waterford, Waterford
GREY[SON], J. : Waterford
GUIMBY, G. : Waterford
HADLEY, [S.] C. : Waterford
HADLEY, J. A. : Waterford, West Waterford
HADLEY, J. A. : Waterford
HADLEY, J. C. : Waterford, West Waterford
HALE & BRACKETTS : Waterford : Hale & Bracketts State Quarry
HALE, J. M. : Waterford
HALE, L. : Waterford
HALE, O. G. : Waterford
HASTINGS, [C.] : Waterford
HASTINGS, H. : Waterford
HASTINGS, J. W. : Waterford, West Waterford
HASTINGS, J. W. : Waterford
HASTINGS, J. W. : Waterford
HASTINGS, M. Jr. : Waterford
HAZELTON, J. : Waterford
HEMINGWAY, [G.] : Waterford
HEMINGWAY, D. : Waterford
HEMINGWAY, L. : Waterford
HIBBARD, L. : Waterford, Waterford
HILL, C. : Waterford
HILL, D. : Waterford, Waterford
HILL, H. : Waterford
HILL, J. H. : Waterford
HILL, L. D. : Waterford
HOAGG, C. : Waterford
HONGSTON, J. : Waterford
HOVEY, A. : Waterford
HOVEY, J. G. : Waterford
HOVEY, M. S. : Waterford
HOVEY, W. : Waterford
HURLBURT, R. : Waterford
HURLBUT, E. : Waterford, Lower Waterford
HURLBUT, O. B. : Waterford, Lower Waterford : O. B. Hurlut's Hotel
HUTCHINSON, B. : Waterford
HUTCHINSON, B. : Waterford
IDE, J. : Waterford Waterford : J. Ide Tannery
IDE, J. : Waterford, Waterford
JENNISON, W. : Waterford, Waterford
KIDDER, T. : Waterford
LADD, [R.] S. : Waterford
LADD, M. : Waterford
LAWRENCE & WINSLOW : Waterford
LAWRENCE, A. : Waterford
LAWRENCE, O. : Waterford
LEE, J. : Waterford
LEE, J. : Waterford
M[EN]SE : Waterford
MASON, P. : Waterford
MASON, T. : Waterford
MILES, J. : Waterford
MILES, Mrs. : Waterford
MILLER, N. : Waterford
MOREAN, N. : Waterford
MORSE, A. : Waterford
MORSE, J. : Waterford
MOULTON, A. : Waterford, Waterford
MOULTON, J. : Waterford, Waterford
NICHOLS, J. : Waterford
NICHOLS, W. : Waterford
O[___], S. : Waterford
OWEN, S. : Waterford
PACKARD, J. : Waterford
PALMER, Rev. J. E. : Waterford
PARKER, A. : Waterford, West Waterford
PARKER, A. : Waterford, West Waterford
PARKER, A. : Waterford
PARKER, A. : Waterford
PARKS, C. E. : Waterford, Waterford : C. E. Parks Store
PARKS, E. A. : Waterford
PARKS, E. C. : Waterford, Waterford
PARTRIDGE Heirs : Waterford
PIKE, B. : Waterford Waterford
PIKE, B. : Waterford
POQUETT, O. : Waterford
POWERS, [P.] A. : Waterford
POWERS, B. : Waterford
PRIEST, A. : Waterford
PROUTY, A. : Waterford
RICHARDSON, [I.] : Waterford
RICHARDSON, C. : Waterford, Waterford
RICHARDSON, C. : Waterford, Waterford
RICHARDSON, C. : Waterford
RICHARDSON F. : Waterford
RICHARDSON J. : Waterford, Waterford
RICHARDSON S. : Waterford
RICHARDSON : Waterford
ROLLINS, W. : Waterford
ROSS, A. P. : Waterford
ROWELL, R. F. : Waterford, Waterford
RUSSELL, L. : Waterford, Lower Waterford
SILSBY, D. : Waterford
SMITH, A. : Waterford, West Waterford
SMITH, A. : Waterford
SMITH, A. : Waterford
SMITH, J. : Waterford
SPAULDING, J. : Waterford
SPAULDING, O. T. : Waterford
STEVENS, O. : Waterford, Lower Waterford
STILES, J. Jr. : Waterford
STOCKWELL, [R.] : Waterford
STODDARD, J. D. : Waterford, Waterford
STODDARD, N. : Waterford
STODDARD, N. : Waterford
STODDARD, W. : Waterford
STREETER, S. : Waterford, Waterford
STREETER, T. B. : Waterford, Waterford
TAGGARD, R. : Waterford, Waterford
TOWLE, Mrs. : Waterford, Lower Waterford
VERMUTH, P. : Waterford
W[A]RKS, Mrs. : Waterford
WHEELER, E. M. : Waterford, Waterford
WHEELER, E. M. : Waterford, Waterford
WINSLOW [see Lawrence & Winslow] : Waterford
WOODS, S. : Waterford
WOODS, W. G. : Waterford
YOUNG, C. : Waterford

Businesses and Natural Features reported, within the Town of Waterford and it's Villages, on the 1858 Map of Caledonia County, Vermont

The following were reported in the Village of Lower Waterford, in Waterford, Caledonia County, Vermont:
Bridge, Second Littleton [over Connecticut River]
Brook [no name shown]
Church, Cong.
Grist Mill
Hotel, O. B. Hurlut's
Parsonage, Cong.
River, Connecticut
School
Shop, [?]
Shop, B. S.
Shop, Harness
Store
Toll House [at Second Littleton Bridge]


The following were reported in the Village of Waterford, in Waterford, Caledonia County, Vermont:

Bridge, Richardson Bridge [over Connecticut River]
Cemetery
Church, Union
Hotel, W. Bucks
Hotel, W. Buck's
Office
Saw Mill
Shop, B. S.
Shop, B. S.
Shop, Mechanics
Shop, Shoe
Store
Store, C. E. Parks
Store, C. E. Park's
Tannery, J. Ide
Tannery, J. Ide


The following were reported in the Village of West Waterford, in Waterford, Caledonia County, Vermont:
Brook [no name shown]
Pond [no name shown]
Saw & Grist Mill
School
Shop, Shoe
Store
Town Hall

The following were reported in Waterford, Caledonia County, Vermont:
Bridge, C. Richardson [over Conn. R. at Waterford V.]
Bridge, Littleton [over Conn. R. at Lower Waterford]
Cemetery [at Waterford Village]
Cemetery [between L. Waterford and W. Waterford]
Church, Old
Grave Yard [near nw border with Barnet]
Mountains, [3 unnamed]
Mt. Waterford
Parsonage, Cong.
Pond, Stiles
Rail Road, Connecticut & Passampsic River
River, Connecticut
River, Passumpsic
Saw Mill
Saw Mill
Saw Mill
Saw Mill
Saw Mill
School
School
School
School
School
School
School
School
School
Shop, Shoe
Shop, W. W.
State Quarry
Store
Toll House [at Second Littleton Bridge, L. Waterford]
Town Hall
Village, Lower Waterford
Village, Waterford
Village, West Waterford

Thursday, November 3, 2011

More from "Gazetteer of Caledonia and Essex Counties, Vt. 1764-1887"


Daniel and Nathan Pike, Jonathan Hutchinson and Luther Knight came to Waterford, from Royalston, Mass., and located in the eastern part of the town, in 1792. The Pike brothers brought with them a yoke of oxen, and having cleared some land and sowed some wheat, they returned to Royalston. In the spring of 1793, Daniel and his sons Luther and Nathan returned to Waterford, and in the fall he brought his wife and two daughters, Sally and Polly, twins, to the town. He built his cabin on the farm where S. B. Horr now lives. Nathan married Rebecca Miner, and reared eight sons and two daughters, viz.: Daniel, Brigham, Moses, Dennison, Nathan, Miner, Lois, Luther, Madison and Rebecca. Of these only two, Nathan and Lois, are living. The former was born here, in 1803, married Julia Joslyn, and has had born to him five sons and four daughters, of whom Jefferson H. died in the late war, and Robert lives with his father, at Waterford village. Nathan is one of the oldest natives of the town. Lois married Jeff Hosmer, of Littleton.

Jonathan Ross came to this town and located on road 47, in 1794. He reared four sons and two daughters, namely, Shubal, Eri, Royal, Abraham R., Mary and Lucy. Abraham R., the only son now living, was born in Waterford, in 1813, married, first, Hannah, daughter of Jonah and Hannah (Rice) Carpenter, in 1836, who bore him one son, Charles, and died in 1842. He married for his second wife Harriet N., daughter of John S. and Lydia Ricker, in 1843, and has had born to him one son, Aldace, who was born in 1843, and died in 1867. Charles, son of Abraham, was born in 1838, married Belle H., daughter of Charles and Nancy (Mason) Cutler, in 1866, and has had two sons and three daughters, viz.: Willie F., who died in 1884, Alice H., Carl A., Bertha L. and Mabel E. His wife died in 1884. Mr. Ross served in the late war, enlisting in Co. A, 11th Vt. Vols., in 1862, was promoted to sergeant in 1864, and, with fifty-seven others, was taken prisoner at Welden Railroad, June 22, 1864, and was one of fifteen who survived those terrible sufferings. He was promoted to 2d lieutenant, June 2, 1865. Mr. Ross is a farmer, and resides in the village.

Royal M. Ross, son of Royal and Eliza (Mason) Ross. was born in 1832, married Martha C., daughter of Samuel and Lydia (Dyke) Cook, in 1857, and has one adopted son and one adopted daughter, Arthur P. and Lucy Alida. Mr. Ross resides on road 31.

Dea. Parley Church came to Waterford, from Mansfield, Conn, about 1795, and located on the place where H. C. Davis now lives. He married Zuriah Jacobs, and reared two sons and four daughters, viz.: Zuriah, who married John Brown and now lives at West Waterford, aged ninety-one years; Clarissa, who married William S. Morgan, the first male child born in Waterford; Susan, who married Timothy Weymouth; Shubal; Phebe, who married Joseph Shute; and Samuel. The latter was born in 1804, married Lucinda, daughter of Joseph and Abigail (Manchester*) Felch, in 1820, and lias three sons and two daughters, namely, Samuel C., of Concord, Vt., Lovina and Lyman B., of Waterford, Allen J., of Littleton, N. H., and Celia A. (Mrs. S. B. Horr), of Waterford. Mr. Church died in November, 1886.

Sylvanus Hemingway, with his wife (Elizabeth Hopkins) and his two sons Laban and Cyrus, came to this town, from , Royalston, Mass., about 1795, and bui.lt a log house just east of the place where Luther Hemingway now lives. He reared seven sons and seven daughters, of whom Luther, the fifth son, was born in town, in 1808, married, first, Mary Ann Hutchinson, in 1840, who died in 1842, and for his second wife, Sally Pike, widow of Ira P. Lewis, in 1850. He has had born to him two son, Cyrus, born in 1852, and Charles L., born in 1858. The latter married Marian Coe, in 1879, aruI nas one daughter, Laura Mabel, born in 1882. Mr. Luther Hemingway resides on the homestead.

Rev. Silas Davison, a Baptist minister, was born at Hartland, Vt, in 1766, married Persia Rice, in 1790, and'came to this town in 1796. He reared eight sons and three daughters, of whom Henry C. married Zeruah, daughter of Nathan Kinnie, in 1817, »nd his children were Angeline, Claudius L., Jane P., Henry C. and Elizabeth. Henry C. married Frances M., daughter of Josiah and Mary Ann (Hill) Miles, of Waterford, in 1853, and had four daughters, namely, Mary A. (Mrs. Thomas Albee), of Littleton, N. H., Jennie (Mrs. John Needham), of Canada, Angie Belle and Lizzie Josie. Mr. Davison until recently lived on road 51. Claudius L., born in 1821, married Rebecca, daughter of Capt. Walter and Rebecca B. Wright, in 1845, is postmaster at Lower Waterford, and resides on road 51. His daughter, Leanda R., married Lyman B. Church, and has one daughter, Stella Rebecca.

Abel Goss settled in Waterford, in 1792, on the place where his grandson, Henry M., now resides. The latter, son of Abel and Amanda (Hibbard) Goss, was born in 1829, married Hannah B., daughter of Lucius and Mercy (Adams) Carpenter, in 1856, and has had born to him two sons and four daughters, as follows: Carrie M. (Mrs. Charles Osterhout), of Ohio; Hattie G., who died in 1867, aged eight years; Helen A., Henry, Hannah G. and Lucius C.

Alpheus Bugbee came to Waterford, from Woodstock, Conn., about 1797, and located on the place where his granddaughter, Mrs. George S. Russell, now lives. His son Charles, born in 1797, married Lucy Carpenter, in 1821, and reared five sons and six daughters, of whom Lewis, Fieling E., Riley, Lucy E., Louisa A., Maria L. and Adaline are living. Lucy E. married George S. Russell, in 1845, and has had two daughters, one of whom died in infancy, and Mary Emma, who was born in 1852. The latter married Edgar O. Cushman, in 1878, and has three sons, Edgar R., Fred S. and Walter C. Mr. Russell resides on the Bugbee homestead, on road 1. Fieling E., son of Charles, was born at Waterford, in 1829, married Julia A., daughter of Curtis and Abigail Nichols, in 1851, and has had one son and four daughters, viz.: Ada E. (Mrs. H. O. Lyon), who had two sons and one daughter, and died in 1881; Eleanor J., who died in 1875, aged seven years; Walter F., who died at the age of three years; Inez F., at home; and Vinnie A. (Mrs. Adron Brown), of St. Johnsbury. Mr. Bugbee served in the late war, in Co. E, 2d Vt. Vols., and now resides on road 9.

Eli Green, son of Samuel and Olive (Ranger) Green, came to this town in

1799, married Lucinda Graves, and reared five sons and seven daughters, of whom one son and five daughters are living. His son Lorenzo was born in 1822, married Elizabeth J., daughter of Zachariah and Dorcas (Wheeler) Senter, January 31, 1854, who bore him two daughters, Emma M. and Nellie A. His wife died December 14, 1882. Mr. Green owns and occupies the homestead.

Elijah Freeman came to this town, from Hanover, N. H., in 1800. His son Arad married Desire Currier, located on the place where L. D. Freeman now lives, and reared one son and one daughter. His son Lucius S., born in 1812, was town clerk forty years, and married Sophronia Hutchinson in 1840. Lorenzo D., born in 1843, married Diantha S. Miles, in 1863, and now resides in Lower Waterford village. His children are Rosa E., Charles C., Mary D., Ellsworth B. and Myra M.

Aaron Freeman, son of Elijah and Olive (Hovey) Freeman, was born at Norwich, Vt., December 31. 1784, and came with his father to Waterford in

1800. He married Hannah, daughter of Roger Ross, of Templeton, Mass., in 1809, and had one daughter, Caroline R. The latter married Dennis May, a son of Elisha and Polly (Underwood) May, in 1832. They have reared three daughters, namely, Ellen Caroline, who married H. N. Hutchinson, and lives at Concord, Vt.; Susan R., who married Charles H. Goss, of this town; and Mary D., who married James Merrill, of North Haverhill, N. H. Mr. May owns and occupies the Freeman homestead.

Dr. Richard F. Rowell came to this town at an early day, studied medicine with Dr. William McDale, and began practice in 1825. He married Melinda Millin, in 1826, and reared six sons and six daughters, of whom four sons served in the late war. He died in 1873, aged eighty-five years. His son Daniel M. was born in 1842, enlisted in the war for the Union at the age of nineteen years, and was at the battles of Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, Malvern Hill, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg and many others. He married, first, Dora Nutting, in 1867, and his children are Katie A., George B., John C. and Charles H. Mr. Rowell married for his second wife, Mary A. Boudell, widow of G. A. Farrer, who had children as follows: Edna P., Lizzie M. and Amanda M. Mr. Rowell resides in the village.

William Brown came to Waterford about 1800, and located on the place where Bradley D. now lives. His son Elisha married Mehitable, daughter of Oliver Taylor, in 1807, and had born to him two sons and six daughters, of whom Louisa is the widow of Thomas Bickford, and Lorana is the widow of Jonas Styles. Bradley D., son of Elisha, was born in 18)8, married Mary M., daughter of Royal and Eliza (Mason) Ross, in 1846, and has had born to him two sons and one daughter, Amanda L., Jefferson E., who lives in Iowa, and Elisha W. The latter, born in 1852, married Ella H. Blodget, in 1880, who died in 1882. He married for his second wife Eliza C., daughter of Willard and Jane (Parker) Kinnie, in 1882, and has one son, Harry, born in 1884. E. W. Brown occupies the homestead with his father.

Jesse Stoddard came to Waterford from Chesterfield, N. H, about 1800, and located on the place where N. G. Reed now lives. He married Hannah Willard and reared three sons and seven daughters. His son Willard, born here in 1808, married Hannah S. Benton in 1829, and reared five sons and six daughters, eight of whom are living, and three, Esther M. (Mrs. R. M. Humphrey), Josiah W. and Samuel S. live in town. Josiah W., born in 1830, married Philoma A., daughter of Jerred and Mary (Burbank) Willy, in 1859, and has had four sons, namely, Frank G., Willard J., who was born in 1863 and died in 1884; George A. and Henry C. Mr. Stoddard resides on road 55.

Benjamin Hutchinson, a descendant of Richard Hutchinson who came to America in 1634, was born in Royalston, Mass., came to Waterford in 1801, and located on road 30. He married Nabby Rogers, who bore him two sons and two daughters, namely, Polly, who died young, Abigail (Mrs. R. P. Porter), Philo J., now dead, and Benjamin, who was born in 1803. The latter married Sophronia Richardson, in 1834, and has had born to him five sons and one daughter, viz.: Benajah F., born in 1835; Joseph W., whowas killed at the battle of Cold Harbor; Annett R. (Mrs. S. E. Grout), of West Concord, Vt.; Abial, who died-young; Herbert M. B., who died in 1867, aged nineteen years; and Abiel S., of California. Benajah F. Hutchinson is a farmer, and resides on road 8.

John Lee was born in Moultenborough, N. H., in 1777, and came to Waterford in 1801. He married Lydia Blake, in 1802, and reared one son and three daughters, of whom Nathaniel married Isabella M., daughter of John S. and Lydia (Ricker) Johnson, in 1835, and had born to him five sons and one daughter, viz.: John R., Edward P., Oscar R., who was killed at the battle of Cedar Creek, Albert E., born in 1844, Howard J., and Abbie M., who was born in 1853, and died in 1858. Mr. Lee purchased the Samuel Spaulding farm in 1841, where he died in 1885. Albert E. married Hannah Wright, widow of Charles Silsby, in 1875, and lives on the homestead, onroad 3.

Asa Hovey came to this town from Hampton, Conn., and located on the place where Frank Carter now lives, about 1803. His son William, born it» 1797, married Lydia, daughter of Abial and Rebecca Richardson, in 1820. Of his six sons and three daughters, William Mosley lives in the town, Jacob G. resides in St. Johnsbury, Edwin L. also lives in St. Johnsbury, and Emory E. resides in town. The latter was born in 1841, married Emily C., daughter of Orson and Julia (Morse) Cushman, in 1864, and had four sons and two daughters, namely, Fred E., Frank O., Stephen R., Nellie C , Guy W. and Edna E. Mr. Hovey occupies the homestead on road 40, corner 41.. William Mosley was born in 1831, married, first, Sylvia, daughter of Josiah Hastings, in 1855, who bore him three sons, Fred M., Edward E., and Harley M., and died in 1874. He married for his second wife Lucy A. Washburn, of Enfield, N. H., in 1877, who has borne him one son, Herbert. Mr. Hovey resides on road 17.

John Stiles came to Waterford, from Keene, N. H., soon after 1800, married Annie, daughter of Thomas Hill. in 1802, and reared two sons and twodaughters. He built a saw-mill at the foot of Stiles pond in 1807. His son John was born in 1806, married S1lly Brisjham, of St. Johnsbury East, in 1829, and had one son and one daughter, George W. and Lizzette (Mrs. J. L. Marshall), of Windsor, Vt. George W., born in 1829, married Parthenia A. Calkins, in 1850, and has had one son and one daughter, Edna M., who> married Ellery Potter, and died in 1878, and Wallace G. The latter, born in 1855, married Minnie, daughter of Ira and Rose M. Wood, April 29, 1885. Mr. Stiles resides on road 3.

Josiah Hastings was born at Westmoreland, N. H., in 1786, came her in. 1807, and located on road 41. He married Mary Packard, and reared three sons and four daughters, viz.: Josiah W., Curtis, who died in 1867, Joseph,. who died aged eighteen years, Harriet, who died in 1850, Mary J., who married E. O. Bennett, and died in 1856, Almira C., who married S. T. Bennett,. and died in 1863, and Sylvia, who married W. M. Hovey, and died in 1874. Josiah W., born in 1815, married Lydia, daughter of Isaac and Thankful (Town) Richardson, in 1845, an0" has two sons, Stephen J. and Frank W. The latter was born in 1856, married Emily E., daughter of John and Elizabeth (Blue) Houghton, in 1878, has two sons and one daughter, Edith B., Ira B. and Hugh W., and resides with his father, on road 52. Josiah W. served as town representative in 1864-65. Stephen J. was born in 1850, attended Dartmouth college, and married Althea C., daughter of Amos B. Carpenter, in 1871. He has had one son and two daughters, nanely, Warren, born February 14, 1872, and died September 3, 1874, Althea L., born in 1875, and Ruth B., born 1877, and died August 15, 1885. Mr. Hastings was town representative in 1882, and has served as selectman. He resides on road 14.

Simeon Hill came to this town, from Walpole, N. H., about 1808, and kept tavern until 1810. He reared six sons and two daughters, one of whom, Ambrose, was born in 1812, married Louisa Foss, in 1835, and reared four sons and one daughter. His son Charles T. married Julia C. Young, in 1874, and has two sons and three daughters, namely, George A., Lottie E., Louisa J., Charles W. and Mary Edna. Mr. Hill resides on the homestead, on road 3.

Willard C. Hill, son of Cyrus T. and Sarah (Ladd) Hill, was born in 1844, married Hannah, daughter of John P. and Hannah (Ward) Weeks, in 1874, and has one son, Guy W., born in 1878. Mr. Hill is a farmer, and with his father, Cyrus T., lives on road 23.

Isaiah Carpenter, a descendant of William Carpenter who came to America in 1638, came to this town with his wife, Caroline Bugley, in 1808, and located on the place where Amos B. Carpenter, now lives. He reared four sons and four daughters, of whom two sons and two daughters are living, viz.: Maria (Mrs. E. H. Carpenter), of New Jersey, Amos B., Eliza A (Mrs. Judge Jonathan Ross), of St. Johnsbury, and Judge A. P. Carpenter, of Concord, N. H. Amos B., born in 1818, married Coslie B., daughter of Ezra and Hannah (Burleigh) Parker, and has had born to him four sons and four daughters, namely, Martha W. (Mrs. Stillman F. Cutting), of Concord, Vt., Althea C. (Mrs. S. J. Hastings), of Waterford, Philander, Caroline B., who married L. J. Cummings, and died in 1881, Amos H., who is a lawyer, and resides in California, Coslie May (Mrs. L. J. Cummings),'of Waterford, Ezra P. and Miner B. Mr. Carpenter is assistant postmaster at West Waterford, and resides on the homestead.

Moses Ladd, son of Thyng and Elizabeth Ladd, was born in Salisbury, N. H., married Hannah, daughter of Parker Carr, in 1812, and came to Waterford in 1814. His six sons and four daughters were as follows : Roxiana (Mrs. Jonathan Adams), Sarah Ann (Mrs. Cyrus Hill), of Waterford, Mary Ann, who died at the age of thirty six, Willard, of Massachusetts, John, of St. Johnsbury, Orange S., of this town, Alonzo, of St. Johnsbury, Jane B. and Richardson, both of West Concord, and Milo E., who died at the age of twenty-one. Orange S., born in 1825, married Ann Eliza, daughter of Quincy B. and Electa (McGaffy) Parker, and has one son and two daughters, namely, Mary Etta, a teacher, Hattie A. (Mrs. Benjamin F. Weeks), of Sum. merville, and Milo E., at home.

James Works, son of Tames, was born in Westmoreland, N. H., December 31, 1787, married Almira, daughter of Hezekiah Aldrich, and came to this town in 1816. He has had born to him two sons and three daughters, of whom Chandler lives in this town. Adaline died as the age of twenty-six, and Barton was born in 1829. The latter served in the late war, in Co. A, 11th Vt. Vols., mairied Laura Newhall, widow of Alvin Harvey, of Kirby, in 1881, and has one son, Walter C. Harvey. Barton occupies the homestead with his father, on road 3. The latter is the oldest man in Waterford.

George Ide, son of Joseph and Almira Ide, was born on the place where he now lives, in 1828. He learned the tanner's trade, and married Mary, daughter of Robert Furby, in 1861, who died in 1867. He bought the Richardson saw-mill in 1865. Mrs. Ide, mother of George, is eighty-five years of age, is a widow, and resides with her son George, at the village.

Ephraim Blotlgett, born in New Hampshire, in 1815, came here at the age of twenty-one years, and married Louisa Kidder. His four sons and two daughters were as follows: Ephraim A., Nelson V. who died in the army, Volney B. and Austin E., both of this town, Louisa M. (Mrs. J. M. Gannett), and Almira F. (Mrs. Fred Blodgett), of this town. Ephraim A. married Martha, daughter of Philip and Sarah (Winslow) Thomas, in 1872, and has two sons, Royal E. and Harley E. Mr. Blodgett is a farmer, and resides on road 40.

Seth P. Moulton, son of Alpheus and Sarah (Fowler) Moulton, was born in Lyman, N. H., in 1833, and came here with his father when twelve years of age. He married Sarah, daughter of Isaac N. and Louisa (St. Clair) Colby, of Danville, September 10, 1867. Mr. Moulton has been selectman, and has held many town offices. He resides on a farm in the easterly part of the village.

Niles G. Johnson, son of Peter, was born in Lunenburgh, Vt.,in 1843, and came to Waterford in 1865. He married Ellen, daughter of Isaac Lewis, in 1865, has one daughter, Flora W., born in 1869, and resides on road 55.

Thaddeus B. Wheeler, son of George W., was born in Littleton, N. H., in 1820, and married Maria A. Choate, in 1846. He resided in Littleton and St. Johnsbury several years, and came to this town in 1870. He resides on road 15.

Frank W. Brown, son of Marcus and Ruth Brown, was born in Bethlehem, N. H., in 1845, married Jennie L., daughter of Nathan W. Millen, in 1868, and is selectman. His children are Celia H., Edward M. and Ruth E. Mr. Brown lives on the Pike homestead, which was settled in 1791, on road 46 corner 47.

Charles H. White, son of John and Martha (Drown) White, was born in Sheffield in 1859, and in the spring of 1885 bought the John Haughton farm, on road 46. He is a farmer, and his mother, and grandfather James Drown, aged eighty-three years, live with him.

Stewart B. Horr was born in Maine in 1846, served in the late war, in Co. B, 32d Me. Vols., was at the battles of the Wilderness, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, and many others, and was wounded in the right arm. He married Celia A., daughter of Samuel Church, in 1878, and resides on road 46.

Thomas Mason, son of Thomas, was born in Ireland, in 1814, and came to America at the age of nineteen years. He married Jane, daughter of Hon. James Johnson, who bore him four sons and three (laughters, as follows: George H., Ellen, Martha, a teacher, Emily, who died in 1882, aged twenty-three years, John, Thomas and Albert. Mr. Mason is a prosperous farmer, is largely engaged in dairying, and in 1853 bought the Daniel Havens farm, on road 38.

Samuel D. Astle, son of Joseph, who served in the English army, was born in Shipton, Canada, in 1836, and came to Waterford in 1857. He married Harriet C, daughter of Anthony and Mary Ann (Kidder) Phelps, in 1857, who bore him five sons and three daughter, viz.: Helen A. (Mrs. Arthur Hatch), Ralph B., of Littleton, Sam Joe, Katie A., Willie A., Fred D., Frank M. and Hattie M. Mr. Astle is a tanner, and manufacturer of lumber, and resides at the village.

Josiah Newton married Sarah Waterman, and came to Waterford in 1861. Of his three sons and one daughter, James W. and Daniel live in town, Lucy A. became Mrs. George W. Young, and Richard H., born in 1847, married Harriet A., daughter of Franklin and Abigail (Tenney) Richardson, in 1860, and has two sons, Leon R. and Ernest A. He resides on road 21.

George West, son of Richard, was born in Summersetshire, England, in 1835, came to America in 1854, and located in this town in 1862. He married Clara Sisson, in 1863, and has had born to him five sons and three daughters, namely, Herbert W., Albert G., Everett R., Vernie, Vennie, Clara, Nina and Nena. Mr. West resides on road 11.

Samuel Morrison, son of George, was born in Ireland, in 1847, and came to America at the age of seventeen years. He learned the blacksmith's trade, and located in Waterford, in 1868. He married Elvira F., daughter of Jehiei and Mary (Willy) Thurber, in 1874, who has borne him four sons and two daughters, viz.: Mary E., who died in infancy, Charles, Harry H., Clarence A., Gertrude E., who died in infancy, and Samuel M. Mr. Morrison resides in the village of Lower Waterford. George Morrison, son of George, and brother of Samuel, was born in Ireland, in 1839, and came to America at the age of sixteen years. He served in the late war, in Co. A, 11th Vt. Vols., was at the battles of the Wilderness and Cold Harbor, was taken prisoner at Welden Railroad, and was confined in Andersonville prison. He married Catherine Morrison, in 1870, and has three sons and one daughter, namely, Eliza, Samuel, William G. and Harvey B. Mr. Morrison resides on road 44.

Harvey C. Kinne, son of Willard and Mary (Parker) Kinne, engaged in mercantile business in this town, and has been town clerk and postmaster. He married Emma C., daughter of George A. Prouty, in 1879, and has one daughter, Bessie B. Mr. Kinne lives in the village.

James W. Curtis, son of Amos, was born in Morgan, Vt., in 1833, and learned the shoemakers trade. He has had.two sons, Arthur J., born in 1865, and died in 1866, and John E., born in 1866. Mr. Curtis served in the late war, in Co. K, 15th Vt. Vols. He resides on road 39.

Charles D. Harris, son of Timothy, was born in Danville, Vt., in 1842, and at the age of twenty-one years enlisted in the army, in Co, M, 11th Vt. Vols. He was at the battles of Spottsylvania, Petersburg, Cold Harbor, Winchester, Cedar Creek and others, and was wounded in the thigh at the battle of Winchester. He married Isabella, daughter of Independent Kellogg, in 1866, and has one son and two daughters, namely, Charles E.,born in 1868, Nellie E., born in 1874, and Bertha May, born in 1878. Mr. Harris resides on road 36.

Allison N. Daniels, son of Hiram, married Lucia C., daughter of Archibald McLacklin, of Peacham, Vt., in 1882, and has one daughter, Bertha May, born in 1885. Mr. Daniels resides on road 15.

Judge Ezra A. Parks, son of Eli, was born in Passumpsic, Vt., in 1821, married Louise M., daughter of Preston Thayer, in 1844, who bore him three sons and three daughters, as follows: Helen M., widow of Henry Steele, of Massachusetts, Willie H., who died in infancy, Charles E., of Massachusetts, Emily L. (Mrs. R. P. Eastman), of Brooklyn, N. Y., Alice M. and Ezra, who died young. Mr. Parks was a member of the legislature in 1870-71, and was assistant county judge. He is a dealer in stock and produce, and resides about a mile north of Passumpsic village.

George C. Lawrence, son of David, was born in Danville, in 1813, married Hannah I., daughter of George I. Barker, in 1838, and has had born to him two daughters, Hattie I. and Addie M., who died at the age of fdur years, and has one adopted daughter, Mary E. (Mrs. C. E. Peck), of Passumpsic. Hattie I. married L. P. Winslow, who had one daughter, Cora B. (Mrs. Homer E. Brewster), in 1872. Mr. Lawrence lives on road 12.

Richardson B. Graves was born in Athol, Mass., in 1775, married Lovina Bradford, in December, 1801, and located near Concord Corners, Vt., about 1796. His son Nathan J., born in 1802, married Lucy A. Barnard, in 1826, and had two sons, one who died in infancy, and Richardson B., born in 1828. Nathan J. died in 1873. Richardson B. married Laura A. King, in 1856, who bore him one son, Herbert K., born in 1858. Mrs. Graves died in 1881. Herbert K. married Abbie H., daughter of Joseph and Lydia (Farnham) Hudson, October 12, 1880, and has had born to him one son, who died in infancy. Mr. Graves came to Waterford in 1881, and lives on road 3.

George T. Blancher, son of William, was born in Lyndon, Vt.. in 1833, married Almira H., daughter of Cornelius Adams, in 1855, and had three sons and one daughter, namely, Charles E., who died in infancy, Mark C., Estella A. and Edgar F., who lives in Dakota. Mr. Blancher served in the late war, enlisting in 1862, was wounded on the march to Petersburg, and died August i, 1864. Mrs. Blancher owns a farm on road 7.

John Sanborn, son of John, was born in Kirby, Vt., in 1830, and married three times, first, Ellen Hall, in 1855, who bore him one son and one daughter, John H., of Michigan, and Jennie L. (Mrs. E. I. Williams), of Concord, Vt. His wife died in 1864, and he married for his second wife Susan Inman, who died in a month after marriage. Mr. Sanborn then married for his third wife Rowena W., daughter of Elijah Freeman, in 1865. He lives on road 48.

Nathaniel G. Reed, son of Stephen, was born in Kirby, in 1839, served in the late war, enlisting in May, 1861, in Co. I, 3d Vt. Vols., and was at the battles of Yorktown, Cold Harbor, Seven Pines, 2d Battle of Bull Run, Antietam, Gettysburg and many others. He married Lizzie J., daughter of Moses Lewis, in 1865, and has one daughter, Lizzie Belle. Mr. Reed is a blacksmith and wheelwright, and resides on road 50.

Rufus W. Remick, son of William B., was born in 1855, married Mary A., daughter of John and Sarah K. Greeley, in 1875, and has two sons and one daughter, Harry E., Mabel D. and Homer W. Mr. Remick is a farmer, and resides on road 42 corner 43.

Edwin Bowman, son of Willard and Tryphena (Abbott) Bowman, was born at Littleton, N. H., in 1843, and at the age of twenty years enlisted in Co. D, 13th N. H. Vols., in the War for the Union. He was at the battles of Fredericksburg, Cold Harbor, Drury's Bluff, Petersburg and others. He married Irene H., daughter of Abial and Jane Richardson, in 1865, and has three sons and one daughter, namely, Nellie I., Eddie A., Willie R. and Charles H. Mr. Bowman is manager of the hotel at Lower Waterford.

George R. Barker, son of George I., was born January 28, 1815, married Mary J., daughter of Ira Mann, in 1840, and has had born to him two sons and three daughters, viz.: Charlotte M. (Mrs. Norman Weeks), who died in 1872, Charles A., who died at the age of twenty-two years, Albert G., who lives at home, Mary E. (Mrs. Charles Tarlton), who died in 1880, and Etta F., who lives at home. Mr. Barker resides on road 12.

Milo Williams, son of Warner, was born in Concord, Vt., in 1838, married Jennie S., daughter of Ansel Hoadley, in 1867, and has two daughters, Bertha Jennie and Lula Nellie. Mr. Williams is a farmer, and resides on road 10.

Amasa Hastings was born in Ashburnham, Mass., and removed to Waterford, in 1800. He was one of the pioneers of West Waterford, settling in the wilderness, a mile from any neighbor, going to and from his claim by marked trees, and living in a log cabin several years. He married Anna Brown, who was a typical pioneer wife, and cheerfully endured the privations and hardships incidental to backwoods life. On one occasion she went to the field surrounding the cabin to gather green corn and beans for her dinner, and found it in the possession of a huge black bear. She took in the situation and determined to "hold the fort," and with steady nerve she shook her apron in defiance of Mr. Bruin, and which drove him from the field and allowed her to collect her dinner unmolested. They remained on this farm until the approach of old age, when they sold to their third son, Moses, and removed to a small farm where they spent the residue of their days. Mrs. Hastings died at about the age of seventy years. Mr. Hastings survived her a few years, and died at the advanced age of eighty years. They were parents of twelve children, ten of whom arrived at an adult age. Only two of them are now living, viz.: Amasa, Jr., who married Carolihe Washburn and settled first in Brighton, then in about three years he returned to Waterford, settled on a farm, remained sixteen years, sold and removed to a farm in St. Johnsbury. where he spent the ensuing sixteen years, then resided on a small farm in West Concord the next ten years, and finally returned to St. Johnsbury and settled in the neat little village of Summerville, where he now resides. He second married his present wife, Mrs. Adaline Hutchinson, in November 1884. The other surviving son is Jefferson Hastings, a farmer residing in Newark, Vt.

The Lower Waterford Congregational church.—This church was organized by an ecclesiastical council of the Congregational churches in this vicinity. May 30, 1798, with eight members, viz.: John Grow and wife, Reuben Buck and wife, Samuel Soper and wife, and Samuel Fletcher and wife. The same council that organized the church ordained the Rev. Asa Carpenter to the ministry and care of the church, and he labored with them till June 18, 1816. The sacrament of the Lord's supper was administered first regularly the first Sabbath in August, 1798, and each member was taxed one shilling for support of the table. The following is a copy of a vote taken October 2, 1798:—

"Voted, That in order to support the Sacrament each member at onetime contribute one shilling; as soon as that money is expended that the same sum be contributed again, and as often as need may require.

"Attest Asa Carpenter, pastor."

After the dismissal of Rev. Asa Carpenter, the Rev. Reuben Mason labored with this church as a religious teacher, and was ordained as a minister of the gospel of this church October 6, 1819, and continued so to labor until about 1825, when the Rev. Thomas Hall was ordained, September 28. The anti-masonic excitement of 1833, '34 and'35 caused his removal for a few years, but his final dismission did not take place till January 31, 1844. Rev. Ebenezer Smith preached some two years, was then ordained and installed August 18, 1846, and dismissed by council January 8, 1848. The Rev. Francis Warriner began work with the church April 14, 1848, and was installed February 22, 1854. The resignation of Rev. F. Warriner was acted upon June 18, 1860. July 23, 1860, Rev. George Bard was called, and a vote to unite with Mr. Bard in calling a council to ordain and install was taken October 2, 1860, and on January 30, 1866, Mr. Bard was dismissed" by council. The Rev. Daniel McClenning then labored with the church from the summer of 1866, till July, 1868. Rev. E. P. Stone next worked as spiritual teacher from April, 1870, till Rev. Moses H. Wells commenced labor as pastor, about July, 1871, and was installed September 5, 1871, and continued his labors till June I, 1878. The Rev. C. F. Morse then came to the society, as acting pastor, about October 1878, and so served till December, 1881. The Rev. C. M. Winch has labored here as acting pastor since April 16, 1882. The church building was erected in 1859, and dedicated January 11, 1860. It will accommodate 300 persons, and is valued, including grounds, etc., at $4,000.00.

Sunday, October 26, 2014

Waterford (Vermont) Sugarhouse: But Which One?

At the Waterford Historical Group meetings (held at the Davies Memorial Library in Lower Waterford), we often find details on the old maps of town that intrigue us. One last summer turned out to be a bit discouraging -- at the time when the 1875 Beers map of the town was drawn, there was an important sugarhouse in the center of Waterford, owned by O. Cushman, on the Duck Pond Road.

It would be great to make a visit to the remains of this sugarhouse, even if it's just a cellar hole or a foundation edge. But, of course, sugarhouses (farm structures!) don't usually have cellars or foundations. And the more we studied the map, the more we all became sure that the location of this old sugarhouse is probably within today's tangle of gravel pits owned by the Town of Waterford and Pike, Inc. In other words, there's probably no trace to find. We'll just have to keep looking in old magazines and newspapers for a possible description of how much maple syrup came from that sugaring operation and whether it was a "destination" for local residents.

Meanwhile, this postcard, clearly labeled "Sugarhouse in Waterford," turned up at a postcard show in New Hampshire last summer. The photo looks recent enough (in full color!) so that this structure might still be standing. Is it the one on County Road North? I think the row of trees is too close to it. What do you think? Can you pinpoint its location? -- UPDATE: Thank you to Dave Morrison, who identified this sugarhouse as the one on the Frank Bullock property -- the landscape has since closed in somewhat around it but it is still standing. SECOND UPDATE: Vermont Life Autumn 1957 cover featured a 1951 photo of the same sugarhouse: click here.

All the details keep adding up to the history of our town.

Thursday, July 28, 2011

A Dozen Cemeteries in Waterford

At Riverside Cemetery, this stone honors Waterford author Robert (Bob) Pike and his wife Helene.  Double-click to enlarge.
As the Waterford Historical Group tackles documenting the town's cemeteries -- and catching the related stories and history -- we are working from a long list of locations:
Powers Cemetery, Daniels Farm Rd
Pike Cemetery, at rear of Riverside Cemetery
Riverside Cemetery, next to Route 18, southeast of Lower Waterford, just before the Connecticut River bridge to West Littleton, NH
Charles Hill Cemetery, on the Gingue Farm
Adams/Babcock a.k.a. Myrtle a.k.a. Settlers Cemetery, East Village Rd
Cushman Cemetery, East Village Rd, across field
Passumpsic Village Cemetery
West Waterford Cemetery, Duck Pond Rd
Stiles Cemetery, Rt 18, across from treatment plant of Stiles Pond
Lower Waterford Cemetery, Lower Waterford Road
Possibly one stone left between Lawrence and Kroger properties

Although "a dozen" is often used to describe these, there has been no recent indication of a 12th cemetery. (7-27-2022).

Wednesday, August 26, 2026

Why Do Cemeteries Matter to Our History? Opportunity Knocks, Sept. 18


When Nola A. Forbes and I worked on the research for America 250: Revolutionary War Patriots of Waterford, Vermont, there were many moments when we had to sort out records ofr soldiers of the same name, like Moses Wright, who appeared in several locations. We used Ancestry.com for both family structure and the quick access to U.S. military records that it provides -- especially applications for military pensions. The good thing about pension applications was they usually happened when the men had grown older ("infirm" was the condition required), so there are better records than ones made during the Revolutionary War itself.

A second online source that gave great value and details was Find A Grave, where burials are often documented with photographs of the site, sorted by cemetery. Not all Waterford "patriots" were buried in this town -- some moved someplace else, often with a spouse or to reside with children, or else returned to their birth family's town.

And even some of those details turned out to sometimes be incorrect. A nice thing about Find A Grave is that it's simple for a researcher to request a correction, and sometimes this is implemented right away.

The other great thing about these burial records is, we could literally visit the cemetery, especially if it was in Waterford, and confirm the soldier's marker stone.

BUT! Our older cemeteries especially have taken damage from weathering and age. Two burials that I went to check at the West Waterford Cemetery were complicated this way. Thanks to cleaning and repairing stones in that Duck Pond Road location a few years ago, and with help from Find A Grave, one stone could be located and was partly legible. The other may have vanished -- tragically, sometime vandals knock down, break, or even remove one of these markers.

Recently we appreciated financial help from a descendant to have a massive marble stone repaired at the Cushman Cemetery. Later in the fall we hope to do some stone cleaning there (done with special care, tools, and a special cleaning product that won't damage stone), in order to read those stones better. It's a form of care for both our past and our future, since it helps others rediscover these burials.

So it's exciting that Waterford's Cemetery Commission and a volunteer team have been giving this kind of care to the Lower Waterford Cemetery, one of two in the town that still receive new burials. Visit this lovely park-like setting, especially striking when the trees and shrubs turn color in autumn, and stroll among Waterford's historic markers.

Ready to learn how the cleaning takes place, and to contribute some elbow grease or applause? Mark your calendar for Friday September 18 at 9 a.m. and join a team doing work you'll value. Bring a grandchild, grandparent, or visitor, too!

This pleasant and rewarding effort matters to Waterford history. So do you! 


 

Monday, March 5, 2012

Waterford's District Schools

1928 Waterford School, courtesy of James Cross.
In pre-automobile days, schoolhouses had to be within walking distance. They weren't always just one room in Waterford -- it depended on how large a student group attended the school. The town had 14 of these "district schools" for many years, but by 1952, when memories of today's residents are strong, there were only four left: Lower Waterford, Graves, West Waterford, and Hastings. In 1957 the town opened its "new school," the building on Duck Pond Road. It was only half as big then as it is now, but it was enough for that year, and became the center of community life, with the kids all together at last.

The "Waterford Historical Group" (meeting at the Davies Memorial Library each month) is focusing this year on the schools. Historian David Carpenter described three schools before 1800: Districts 1, 2, and 3. By 1801, he wrote, there were 181 "scholars" and seven school districts. In 1812, the town boasted 554 school-aged children, with the older ones more likely to attend in winter (when there was less work for them) and the younger ones in summer (long walks in cold weather and sitting in a barely heated schoolhouse were hard for them). Here's a description of the districts in 1830, taken from David Carpenter's write-up in the 1987 Town Report:

District #1 (information about this district is proving to be elusive).
District #2 the original school house site is where the Gilbert Wright residence is now located on Town Highway (TH) 19.
District #3 the "Lower Waterford School," now the Flocks residence in Lower Waterford village.
District #4 the "Woods School" at the intersection near the David Morrison place (physically moved there from its original location on TH 13below the Mervyn Morrison place).
District #5 believed to have been known as the "Calvin Brown School" at the top of Cushman Hill near the Thompson place.
District #6 the "Graves School" about where Vermont Highway 18 crosses Interstate 93.
District #7 the "Hastings School" on TH 35, now the Howe residence.
District #8 near the Belknap place at the intersection of TH's 7 and 9.
District #9 the "Hill School" at the intersection of TH's 38 and 39 near the Reginald Willson place.
District #10 the "Green School" at the intersection of TH's 28 and 29 adjacent to the Gagne place.
District #11 the "Gaskell School" on TH 12 across from the Kelley (formerly Morrill) place.
District #12 between the Billig and Austin places on TH4.
District #13 the "Upper Waterford School" whose site is now underwater in the Moore Reservoir several hundred feet out from the New England Power Company boat launching ramp.
District #14 the "West Waterford School" on TH3, now the Root residence.

Did you attend one of these schools? Have memories to share? The Waterford Historical Group would like to hear from you.

For example, as Dave Morrison recollects the schools (he started in 1952), Lower Waterford School has no running water, and their were two outhouses, one for boys, one for girls. Graves was the "most luxurious," with running water, two toilets downstairs, a kitchette, a stage, even a full basement. And the first "bus" he ever rode in was a station wagon driven by Wayne Lewis's aunt Mrs. Pelletier.

Through 1953, the four final schools served eight grades each; in 1954-1956, each one had four grades instead, and "busing" or other forms of transportation were needed. Students gathered all together only once each year, in June, at the church in Lower Waterford, for the Grade 8 graduation.

What do you remember? Most important, WHO do you remember? Classmates, teachers, visitors?